The Impact of Mental Illnesses and Health Problems from...

The Impact of Mental Illnesses and Health Problems from Work-Related Stress on Employees in Office Jobs Introduction Year after year a behavioral change began to impact her life; she became irritable, fatigued and gained almost fifty pounds. She was no longer fun to be around and isolated herself away from everyone. Her kids would ask if she was okay and knew something was wrong. The work-related stress and harassment she received from her bosses triggered symptoms of depression. The job took place at Unknown Healthcare where she was an administrative assistant. An office job that paid fairly well, however, was stressful because of the rigorous demands from the bosses and the abusive behavior in which they treated her. She was working 9-5 everyday with some days of overtime while being a single parent with two young kids. She decided it was in her best interest to quit the job and find something where she would be happier and healthier. However the damage was already done as she currently, to this day, suffers from chronic depression. After leaving the job she began taking anti-depressants and found a job that she loves. You can see a huge improvement in behavior, as she has more energy and is enjoyable to be around again. She will be interviewed in a different segment with regards to the study. Stress in the workplace is a common safety and health issue in the 21st century and can lead to mental illnesses such as depression if untreated for years. Not onlyShow MoreRelatedHealth And Safety Of Workers1699 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing steadily for a number of decades. Consequently, concern regarding the influence of overtime and longer working hours on the health and safety of workers has grown amongst both members of the scientific community and the healthcare industry itself. 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For people living in underprivileged or disadvantaged section, basic health services are an essential part to manage their life. Accessibility and low-cost medical care are needed to attend to health woes. Though there are some permanent loopholes in the health care facilities in remote areas, people rely more or less on the limited health services made available. Feelings: I have observed

C. Wright Millss Sociological Imagination - 1301 Words

The sociological imagination, a concept coined by C. Wright Mills, is defined as, â€Å"the awareness of the relationship between personal experience and wider society.† The sociological imagination is not an innate way of thinking, therefore its inverse is commonly referred to as the ordinary way of thinking. People who think ordinarily, do not make connections between what is happening in their own milieu and what is happening in the larger society they live within. The memoir of Michael Patrick MacDonald, All Souls, recounts his experience growing up in South Boston and perfectly illustrates the ordinary way of thinking. He and his family faced countless hardships and struggles that were merely side effects of larger societal issues, yet†¦show more content†¦Even after this pertinent information came to light, the family was still in disbelief, â€Å"I still wasn’t going to believe Frankie was in that casket until I saw him†(MacDonald 186). No one in the family could fathom that someone as upright, and clean cut as Frankie would die like that. Their ordinary way of thinking obstructed the MacDonalds from seeing no matter how revered Frankie was, he was not immune to phenomenons which plagued Southie society, drugs and violence. This lack of understanding is particularly exemplified in the Ma’s futile effort to go, â€Å"after the whole criminal ring (MacDonald 191),† responsible for Frankie’s death. In actuality it was much more than the actions of a couple individuals that caused Frankie to die, but the indentured patterns of crime which defined their neighborhood. The death of another MacDonald son, Davey, once again reveals the ordinary thinking used by the family, but this time on the topic of suicide, rather than drugs and violence. On a hot August afternoon, Davey, the eldest of the MacDonald children, jumped from the top of the Old Colony building, landing on the pavement, resulting in severe injury, and eventually death. If it was not apparent enough from the jump, Michael found broken bottles that Davey had used to slit his wrists on the roof, proving that his death was not accidental but suicidal. There was something insanely taboo about committing suicide in an Irish Catholic community, yet it did not change the factShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Imagination Essay examples1118 Words   |  5 PagesHaving written The Sociological Imagination in 1959, C. Wright Mills was brought up in a society far more different and archaic than the idea of contemporary society today. The ideals that were imparted to him during his lifetime provided a framework to the ideals that are imparted to people today; however, like all incarnations, processes and ideas adapted to situate themselves into the transitioning threads of society. Through his elaboration on the sociological imagination, C. Wright Mills portraysRead MoreResponse Paper : The Promise1008 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"sociologically right.† The sociological imagination was coined by C. Write Mills. His theory of sociological imagination is that we need to look at things in the big picture. Mills had grown concerned with sociological research. Mills felt that the researchers had gone away from theoretical understanding of society. Mills’s concept was that in order to get a full understanding on an individual we have to use our imaginations and think outside the box. He felt that sociological research need researchersRead MoreIn His Account of the Sociological Imagination, C. Wright Mills (1959) Distinguishes Between ‘Private Troubles’ and ‘Public Issues’. Discuss in Relation to Domestic Violence.746 Words   |  3 Pagesforces and structures (Furze, Savy, Brym, Lie, 2008). Ideologies and social norms about men and women such as patriarchy and gender inequalities contribute greatly to the occurrence of domestic violence in society. Hence C. Wright Mills’s concept of the sociologica l imagination, â€Å"the quality of mind to see what is going on in the world and what may be happening within themselves,† (1959, as cited by Furze et al, 2008, p8) can be applied to domestic violence for it can be distinguished as both a private

Alternative Approaches to Strategic Management

Question: Discuss about the Alternative Approaches to Strategic Management. Answer: Introduction Strategic management refers to the formulation and implementation of significant goals and initiatives by an organisations executive management team on behalf of the shareholders. These decisions are often based on the consideration of the available resources and evaluation of all internal and external environment factors that affect the business operations. Strategic management provides organisations the overall direction and involves the specification of the entitys goals, designing of plans to achieve the objectives, and development of various policies. The strategic management process also entails allocation of allocating resources to attain the objectives (Rialp, Rialp, and Knight 2014). Academicians and practicing managers have over time developed a number of models and frameworks to help in the strategic decision-making processes. The models work differently in varied context, complex environments, and competitive dynamics. It is important to note at this state that strategic management is not static, but is rather dynamic. As a result, most of the models that have been developed over time include a feedback channel to help managers monitor the implementation of the strategies, hence, base their future decision on such findings (Hitt, Ireland, and Hoskisson 2012). One of the current strategic management models is the linear approach. The standard liner approach entails planned determination of initiatives, goals, and the allocation of resources along the lines of an all-encompassing strategy. The strategy often focuses on long term perspectives of the business, and emphasis is laid on managers exchanging information back and forth to make sure that all departments within the business follow the same strategic approach (Morecroft 2015). Scholars indicate that the approach is the most consistent with most strategic planning approaches and is likely to have an impact in the long planning horizon of the firm. One of the limitations, however, is that the strategist who uses the approach often deals with the environment as opposed to the specific issues that the business faces. That has led to the adoption and use of three main strategic approaches, which deal with the problem at hand and not just the business environment. These include the stakehol der approach, dynamic capabilities, and sustainable model (Kapferer 2012). The next sections of this essay discuss the three approaches and gives clear examples of their application. Finally the last section of the paper discusses the availability of each of the three strategies, suggests the benefits of each, looks at the implementation issues, and the limitations associated with the use of the three approaches. Three Main Approaches to Strategic Management Stakeholder Approach Strategic management has long been attributed with numerous competitive advantages, especially in congested markets. It is for the same reasons that strategic management has invented several approaches to ensuring that the practice takes both a business and socio-corporate effect. This is to imply that strategic management strives to ensure that enough revenue is generated from a given investment. On the other hand, socio-corporate virtue ought to be promoted by the same practice increasing product preference in the market. One of the main approaches used by firms includes the stakeholder approach which has come with a number of factors (Oliver and Holzinger 2008). The term stakeholder in a business entity implies to all those individuals who directly or indirectly affect the operations of the involved firm. These would mainly include the employees, the management, investment partners, consumers or customers and sometimes, competitors. For any management to be considered strategic, all of the above stakeholders should be well accounted for. Stakeholders approach to strategic management come with numerous incentives to a firm given that motivation levels and working conditions are ever conducive. This is to imply that profits take an upward curve in the performance graph as reflected in financial statements (Reed, et al. 2009). The objectives of strategic management using stakeholder approach tend to be all-inclusive as well as comprehensive. In most instances, stakeholder approach ensures that there is minimal resistance from all stakeholders as all of their prime needs are highly prioritized. For instance, dividends are equitably shared among investment partners leaving a minimal room for complains on unattended shares. From another angle, employees are perfectly fitted into the involved firms objective drive by ensuring that their wages are timely met and added incentives fairly distributed. With such an approach, it would be very rare to have internal and external resistance inhibiting revenue generation (Harrison, Bosse, and Phillips 2010). It would also be of essence to note that in stakeholder approach policies are jointly enacted by all of the involved parties. Whenever there is a change that has been deemed necessary for implementation, a joint meeting is conducted with all stakeholders representation present to ensure that the process is comprehensive and transparent. In such a management environment, it is expected that all of the requirements agreed upon in the meeting should be met amicably within the shortest time period. All of the barriers to the implementation of a policy are tabled during the joint meeting to avoid instances of delays. It should also be wise to acknowledge that a highly structured communication flow is developed for the management to be efficient (Jamali 2008). Dynamic Capability Approach In most organizations, the diversity in capability tends to be a vital element of management. This depends highly on the nature of operations that the firm is engaged in especially when it comes to complex and huge projects (Wu, et al. 2012). Logically, organizations include teamwork as one of the main channels of accomplishing both simple and complicated tasks. When an assignment is conducted individually, in most cases, there are numerous cases of irregularities in terms of unattended elements and mishandled requirements. It is for this main reason that organization adopts a dynamic capability approach to strategic management (Lee, et al. 2012). Nevertheless, there are two main factors that necessitate a dynamic capability approach. To begin with, a dynamic capability approach ensures that employees work at their best in terms of their skills. The competency is optimized by aligning their trained knowledge with a task at hand. For a teamwork assignment, this approach becomes most effective when individuals are expected to submit their scheduled modules (Beske 2012). The main hurdle in this approach tends to be that ability to map ones capability to the requirements of a given task. Aside from that, it would be very true to mention that this approach to strategic management especially in the production arena or department of a firm (Rodriguez, Ricart, and Sanchez 2002). Addressing the above from another angle, optimizing competency with respect to dynamic capability tends to be a motivational attribute in strategic management. This would be well explained by the fact that one assumes the responsibility of a task with full intention of submitting a quality assignment. From a personal point of view, any individual feels at ease working with less pressure on an area they are vast in. In turn, this intrinsically motivates an employee who works hard to ensure that they submit an assigned task to the best of their ability. In the business world, having quality submissions for assignments to employees is one of the main driving factors to success (Ambrosini and Bowman 2009). From a conclusive point of view, a dynamic capabilities approach becomes more effective when the management is able to integrate all of its expertise from different employees. It would be a very futile process if a firm has rich-skilled employee base yet it is unable to maximize on such resource. Therefore, strategic management ensures that dynamic capabilities are well incorporated into the firms goals and objectives for a successful venture. If a management would incorporate this approach and fail to have a complete integrating platform, then the entire approach would ever be faulty (Augier and Teece 2009). Sustainable Approach Given the statistics of organization management, it is estimated that a substantial number of both regional and global firms use the above approach for their strategic management. In simple terms, sustainable approach is a method of management where relevance describes the structure of operations. In other terms, the management approach used perfectly fits the operations of the firm regardless of the latters nature. This would imply that the involved firms management does not take a particular direction in terms of adhering to a particular management approach (Sala, Farioli, and Zamagni 2013). There are some firms which prefer dynamic capabilities approach to stakeholder approach. However, with the described management approach in practice, any management platform is used where necessary. This approach tends to be effective with respect to some vital underlying factors (Gupta and Kumar 2013). First and foremost, sustainable approach in strategic management focuses (primarily) on the results. The sustainability effect of the management practice ensures that assignments are always submitted in time with minimal errors. In general terms, any sustainable approach adopted for strategic management depicts a typical modern management which operates in rapidly changing market or environment (Hall and Wagner 2012). Just like any market, it would be very true to note that consumer needs keep on changing from time to time. It is for this reason that sustainability approach is mostly preferred over other management approaches (Castiaux 2012). It would also be of essence to note that sustainability approach assumes the role of one fit all for most organizations. This is to state that this approach would be used for any firm irrespective of the nature of its operation. Sustainability approach ensures that an organization stays in business for as long as it meets the demands of the market. This would include incorporating any management approach that would fit onto the operations of the involved firm (Hall and Wagner 2012). It would also be of essence to note that this approach can integrate other approaches using some of their vital elements for a given operation. For instance, having a task that requires specific expertise would be well managed by dynamic capabilities approach. The same task would also play an effective role in ensuring that the firm accrues as much revenue from the market as possible. In such a phenomenon, the stakeholder approach is used to sensitize on the importance of the task and its meaning to the f irm (Wheelen and Hunger 2011.). Summary of Application FiberTech uses the stakeholder approach strategic management in its Light Wave Cable project. The first step when using the strategy is to identify and classify the stakeholders of the project. The next step is to determine the role, power, interest, and influence of each of the stakeholders. That helps management indentify the key stakeholders in the project. In the formulation of the strategies for the implementation of the project the managers base their decisions on the needs, interest, and aspirations of the most important stakeholders in the project. That helps minimise the risk of the project encountering competing goals and maximises the resources required to successfully complete the undertaking (Jamali 2008). If the firm was to use the dynamic approach, the managers would focus on the changing aspects of the project. At each stage they would have to come up with an idea of how to implement the changes that take place throughout the process. The dynamic approach is best suited for a highly changing business environment is it ensures that the managers incorporate the changing elements of their environment as they progress with the implementation of the project. On the other hand, if the firm was to use the sustainable approach the aim would be to ensure that the project lasts for a long time and remains relevant in the long-term future. The first stage in the implementation of the sustainable approach is to forecast the future needs and trends of the business environment. That helps the managers form a basis for their project and determines what clients or stakeholders will require in the unforeseen future period (Hall and Wagner 2012; Jamali 2008). Conclusions Several scholars argue that the stakeholder approach is only applicable in short term projects, which at achieving specific goals. That is because the approach targets the most crucial stakeholders in a project. The managers of the firm use the interests, expectations, and goals the most crucial stakeholders after an analysis of all the parties involved in the execution of the project, to determine next course of action in the implementation process (Oliver and Holzinger 2008). The dynamic capabilities approach is considered a valid model to use in an extremely dynamic environment. That is the case because the approach aims at maximising the capabilities of the employees and managers in a project. The idea is to equip them with the latest competences required to compete fairly with other major players in the industry. Proponents of the dynamic capabilities argue that the aim of the business is to create additional value. Therefore, for the firm to ensure continued competitiveness, the managers must adopt a flexible approach to the business so that it adapts to the changing nature of its competitive environment (Hall and Wagner 2012). The stainable approach is based on the need for the form to accept that the business environment is part of the natural and social systems. That means that for the firm to survive into the long-term unforeseen future, the managers must respect members of the social and natural environment in which it operates. Academicians and scholars agree that the approach is valid in projects that the firm intends to continue operating in the long-term future (Sala, Farioli, and Zamagni 2013). Suggested Benefits There are suggested benefits for each of the approaches discusses in this paper, Fir the stakeholder approach open of the main benefits is that the enhances objectivity in the attainment of a projects goals. Anther benefit is that it is economic in the sense that the firm does not waste resources implementing interests of stakeholders who will not influence the project in the first place. The dynamic capabilities model is said to be flexible and efficient in terms of skill and competency development in the firm. Finally, the sustainable approach makes it easy for the firm to survive and remain relevant in the business in the long-term future (Sala, Farioli, and Zamagni 2013). Implementation Issues The main implementation issue faced in the execution of the three approaches is the dynamic nature ft he business environment, it is difficult to predict accurately the future occurrences within the business world. As a result, mangers need to take the time and research thoroughly to determine the best and most effective approach and one that they can implement without many uncertainties in the future (Hall and Wagner 2012; Oliver and Holzinger 2008). Limitations Each of the three approaches has some limitations. The main limitation of using the stakeholder approach is that it is difficult to compromise or balance stakeholders interest against one another. By assuming that some of the stakeholders are important than others, the approach fails to implement some crucial strategist that would help steer the firm foreword. The dynamic capabilities approach is considered to be expensive by some managers as they have to constantly review the business trends and revise their existing strategies (Hall and Wagner 2012). Finally, the sustainable approach is costly and time consuming, which limits its application in most businesses. However, it is important to note that from the analysis in this essay, the sustainable approach to strategic management is the most effective for use if the firm intends to remain relevant for a long-time in the future (Oliver and Holzinger 2008). Reference List Ambrosini, V. and Bowman, C., 2009. What are dynamic capabilities and are they a useful construct in strategic management?International journal of management reviews,11(1), pp.29-49. Augier, M. and Teece, D.J., 2009. Dynamic capabilities and the role of managers in business strategy and economic performance.Organization science,20(2), pp.410-421. Beske, P., 2012. Dynamic capabilities and sustainable supply chain management.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,42(4), pp.372-387. Castiaux, A., 2012. Developing dynamic capabilities to meet sustainable development challenges.International Journal of Innovation Management,16(06), p.1240013. Freeman, R.E., 2010.Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge University Press. Gupta, S. and Kumar, V., 2013. Sustainability as corporate culture of a brand for superior performance.Journal of World Business,48(3), pp.311-320. Hall, J. and Wagner, M., 2012. Integrating sustainability into firms' processes: Performance effects and the moderating role of business models and innovation.Business Strategy and the Environment,21(3), pp.183-196. Harrison, J.S., Bosse, D.A. and Phillips, R.A., 2010. Managing for stakeholders, stakeholder utility functions, and competitive advantage.Strategic Management Journal,31(1), pp.58-74. Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. and Hoskisson, R.E., 2012.Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Jamali, D., 2008. A stakeholder approach to corporate social responsibility: A fresh perspective into theory and practice.Journal of business ethics,82(1), pp.213-231. Kapferer, J.N., 2012.The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking. Kogan page publishers. Lee, S., Geum, Y., Lee, H. and Park, Y., 2012. Dynamic and multidimensional measurement of product-service system (PSS) sustainability: a triple bottom line (TBL)-based system dynamics approach.Journal of Cleaner Production,32, pp.173-182. Morecroft, J.D., 2015.Strategic modelling and business dynamics: a feedback systems approach. John Wiley Sons. Oliver, C. and Holzinger, I., 2008. The effectiveness of strategic political management: A dynamic capabilities framework. Academy of Management Review, 33(2), pp.496-520. Reed, M.S., Graves, A., Dandy, N., Posthumus, H., Hubacek, K., Morris, J., Prell, C., Quinn, C.H. and Stringer, L.C., 2009. Who's in and why? A typology of stakeholder analysis methods for natural resource management.Journal of environmental management,90(5), pp.1933-1949. Rialp, A., Rialp, J. and Knight, G., 2014. International entrepreneurship.The Routledge Companion to International Entrepreneurship, p.7. Rodriguez, M.A., Ricart, J.E. and Sanchez, P., 2002. Sustainable development and the sustainability of competitive advantage: A dynamic and sustainable view of the firm.Creativity and Innovation Management,11(3), pp.135-146. Sala, S., Farioli, F. and Zamagni, A., 2013. Life cycle sustainability assessment in the context of sustainability science progress (part 2).The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,18(9), pp.1686-1697. Wheelen, T.L. and Hunger, J.D., 2011.Concepts in strategic management and business policy. Pearson Education India. Wu, Q., He, Q., Duan, Y. and O'Regan, N., 2012. Implementing dynamic capabilities for corporate strategic change toward sustainability.Strategic Change,21(5?6), pp.231-247.

The end of poverty Economic possibilities for our time Essay Example

The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time Essay The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time Name: Institution: Lecturer: We will write a custom essay sample on The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Course: Date: The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time, is a book that was written by Jeffrey Sachs, an American economist in 2005. Sachs’ book draws tremendous poverty experience of the world’s economy as well as the various groupings into which nations can be classified. The book is an impulse towards commercial success in today’s economic world. The author employs intelligent narratives together with insightful research through drawing a theoretical map of the global economy, which explains the reasons poverty and wealth have diverged across the globe. In addition, Sachs provides the causes of poverty as well as the different reasons of analyzing the way poorest countries are unable to escape poverty. He provides diverse problems many countries such as Poland, China, Russia and many others experience, in an effort to suppress poverty. I agree with Sach’s arguments because ending extreme poverty in the present is fundamental because the future generatio ns would not be affected. Ending extreme poverty in the present is fundamental because it help the future generations to live a happy life. In fact, Sachs’s justification of eradicating poverty in the present is vital. This is because if citizens want to help the future generation, they can try to end up poverty in the present. The fact is that the future is being determined by the present. Moreover, there is no way poverty can be ended by the future generation if in the present, no steps that have been taken to end it. Thus, Sachs’ book is one of the books that shed light on critical issues facing the planet. Thus, it is quite clear that determination as well as efforts made in the present about ending poverty is essential. This is because it will deliver the future generation from consequences of poverty. It is clear that many developing nations fail to eradicate poverty because of unclear policies. If the developing countries could formulate vital and clear policies, the issues of poverty could not have been a problem. I agree with the way Sachs provides varied blueprint arguments for poverty eradication. This is because of the way he presents the issue as a failure for underdeveloped countries to start at the lowest levels of the financially able nations (Sachs 2005). This is true that if the developing nations use clear policies in eradicating poverty, the future generations would not encounter problems. The only way developing nations can achieve success is true integrating their economies and working extremely hard towards achieving success. In addition, poverty eradication is a viable and a realistic objective. This lies behind people and the government’s responsibilities towards eliminating poverty especially in developing countries. It is true that poverty cannot be eradicated in developing countries if the government does not work together with people. Thus, there is need fro cooperation between the government and citizens in order to strive towards eradicating poverty. Although, poverty eradication is not an easy task, people and the government should dedicate themselves towards attaining economic success. It is the moral duty of the government and citizens to make sure, that the future generation should not be affected. Thus, in order to create change in an economy, the government should set policies effective for creating change thus eradicating poverty. In case developing nations would follow Sachs’s ideas of poverty eradication, I believe that change would occur in the developing nations. This is because his ideas are reasonable especially focusing on technology development in the developing nations. In fact, what is driving the developing nations behind is insufficient technological development and technological skills. These are the main reasons contributing to poverty issues in developing countries. Even though there are some people in developed nations living under poverty, the number in developing nations is much higher than that of developed nations. Therefore, developing nations should advance in technology as well train many people on technology use that rather depending on expatriates. Nevertheless, ending poverty in developing nations is a difficult task because of the vicious circle of poverty. The greatest problem especially in African nations is the issue of the vicious poverty circle that is difficult to break. Despite the advances that have been made from the past, poverty is still rampant in the developing regions of the world. Although Sachs argues that ending poverty is the economic possibility of the time, it is difficult to end it unless the vicious circle of poverty has been broken. Additionally, breaking the consumption pattern and encouraging people to save will somehow reduce the poverty rate thus improving economic development. The actual process towards poverty alleviation is still slow, and measures of improving livelihoods of the underprivileged are unaffordable. Thus, ending poverty especially in the poor countries cannot be achieved easily because of the ever-increasing conflicts, famine and natural disasters. Actually, it is true that the environmental, economic, social and political influences hold the society back. This is because social, environmental, economic and political influences are the principal factors that contribute to poverty in the society today. For instance, environmental issues have been the leading problems of poverty in many developing nations. This is because of poor management and pressure exerted on the ecological areas thus exposing the environment to risks. Additionally, social and economic factors such as wealth disparity as well as social inequality contribute to extreme poverty. Disproportionately centralized political powers contribute to this problem too. Political competition and poor governmental policies are also causes of poverty. Therefore, the government should emphasize on sustainable development that accomplishes the requirements of the current generation without adversely influencing the needs of the future generation. Those countries suffering from poverty problems are just like patients who need medical attention. Countries experiencing poverty problems require differential diagnosis about their economic problems. This is quite reasonable because many poor countries face diverse economic problems thus they need economic analysis. This can be analyzed by the economists in order to determine the consequences of poor development levels in poor nations. This is essential because it will enable the economists to provide clear descriptions of what is necessary in helping these countries to develop. Moreover, there are varied facts that will make a country not to join into the global market. Factors such as poor infrastructure, social disparities and unstable political climate hinder the economic development. Thus, it is agreeable that Sachs’ presentation on the utilization of clinical financial systems is necessary. This is because it scrutinizes and appraises programs for improved economic succ ess. Indeed, economic disparities are the major problems affecting the globe thus a contributing factor of poverty. Some countries are rich while others are poor because of economic inequalities. That is why many rich countries have developed and are able to reduce poverty because than the poor nations. In reality, corruption and embezzlement of funds contributes to economic disparities thus a cause for poverty. Sometimes the government can allocate resources to major areas but due to corruption, some areas of major development are left lagging behind. Moreover, some countries endure harsh conditions or they are economically affected by some factors such as political instability or natural disasters. Sachs’ ideas are quite logical because economic development varies from one region to another depending on different factors. It is true that the Gross Domestic Product and the utilization technology systems in production, determine a country’s wellbeing based on its financial a dvancement. In case developing nations want to achieve economic success, they can involve in successive market economies. Successful market alone cannot eradicate poverty. Therefore, there is a need to employ some of the market driven approaches vital for creating successful markets across the globe. Companies in developing nations should go into global for successive business performance. For instance, employing approaches such as neoliberalism is vital. This is because the theory emphasizes the effectiveness of private enterprises, liberal trade and fairly open markets for successful market economies. Moreover, the government needs to remove trade barriers and allow other companies especially those in developing countries to participate in global markets. Sachs believes that it is through successive market economies whereby some areas in need of help can be able to climb the ladder of development (Sachs, 2005). I agree that millennium development goals (MDGs) are the fundamental steps toward sustainable development. Through the development goals where poverty eradication is one of the major goals, United Nations can uplift the standards of people in developing and underdeveloped nations. This is a sound and valid argument because it will benefit many people living in poverty. However, the problem is that MDGs face diverse challenges in achieving or accomplishing these goals. This is because more than half of the funds towards debt relief are owned by poor nations. The remaining aid is allocated towards natural disaster relief as well as the military and thus it does not help in the development of the nation. Even when the United Nations tries to achieve MDGs, it is quite challenging because of the aid moving from the wealth to their adjoining allies. Sachs presents his case in that the industrialized nations have the ability to come up with funds that can remove underdeveloped nations from poverty. However, this is not accurate as even poor nations have a role to play in their development. Lastly, it is necessary to increase involvement in international trade as well as developing nations joining the multinational corporations to reduce poverty. This is crucial because it will create more employment and increase better performance of the economy. The idea about United Nations’ (UN) involvement in poverty eradiation is fundamental but eradicating poverty in the African countries is not an easy task. It is true that even the money that the US spends in Africa is not enough to solve the poverty problems. To date, not even a single country has been saved from financial deficiency by external donors (Sachs, 2005). Instead, they have developed through their own efforts with little from the developed world. Moreover, corruption and embezzlement of funds makes the poor countries lag far behind. In conclusion, Sachs’ book is an exceptional and comprehensive book on a critical subject. Therefore, it should be encouraged for reading by students as well as those participating in public policy formulation. This is because poverty is a serious problem facing many nations. Moreover, the book has various causes and solutions towards poverty rate. Although, these cannot eliminate poverty in the shortest time possible, they can create awareness amongst individuals as well as help them tackle the problems of poverty. The book is particularly revealing especially in the way it reveals the challenging problems in the developing nations. Sachs emphasizes on the challenges that nations face in a quest to achieve their MDGs. Additionally, ending poverty in developing nations is a difficult task because of the vicious circle of poverty. Thus, it is necessary to formulate and implement efficient financial market structures to enable in the assessment and supervision of the financial w oes of developing nations. Reference: Sachs, J. (2005). The end of poverty: Economic possibilities for our time. New York, NY: Penguin Press.

Critically evaluate the conceptual and theoretical Essays

Critically evaluate the conceptual and theoretical Essays Critically evaluate the conceptual and theoretical Essay Critically evaluate the conceptual and theoretical Essay 1.It seems no consideration of terrorist act s definition can get down without the statement: One adult male s terrorist is another adult male s freedom combatant, ( Laqueur, 1987:302 ) . And this statement seems to be at the bosom of what many consider to be the job with supplying a definition of terrorist act: it all depends on position. Surely specifying terrorist act has neer been a more of import or necessary exercising, with many political groups and administrations around the universe holding to cover with terrorist activity, there is an of all time greater demand to understand its nature. A definition of terrorist act is required, among other grounds, to implement international Torahs, to guarantee international cooperation and make up ones mind on violative action ( Ganor, 2002 ) . The sheer scope of definitions of terrorist act is possibly best illustrated by Schmidt and Jongman ( 1988 ) who cite 109 different definitions. By analyzing these definitions for significances, it is possible to name the factors most normally found to be of import. Force or force appears in 83.5 % of definitions, a political motive is in 65 % , reference of panic or fright is in 51 % , menaces in 47 % . The staying classs include psychological effects, differences between the victims and the marks and planned actions. Why the confusion? How is it possible that merely 65 % of definitions contain reference of political motive when it is normally cardinal to terrorist activity? Possibly the reply lies in the gap quotation mark from Laqueur ( 1987 ) that it all depends on the position. Ganor ( 2002 ) points to the evident duality sometimes set up in the literature between national release and terrorist act. While national release has been considered a justified terminal to contend for, can terrorism truly be used as a justified agencies? Again, it all depends on position. From Syria s official place, it does non back up terrorist act but does back up national release. Unfortunately, the agencies it uses to accomplish this terminal are considered by many to be terrorist act. Possibly underlying Syria s place, like that of the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) is what Taylor ( 1988 ) considers the moral justification. The moral justification can be used by both authoritiess and independent administration to warrant actions that might otherwise look similar to terrorist Acts of the Apostless ( Ruby, 2002 ) . This clearly raises one of the cardinal jobs in the definition of terrorist act, over which much attempt has been expended in the literature: should terrorism be defined by its agencies or its ends? Garrison ( 2004 ) comes down strongly on the side of ends, reasoning that terrorist act should be defined by its effort to consequence a alteration in society by utilizing panic. Garrison ( 2004 ) sees terrorist act as a tool that is used by many different groups and, in that sense, does non let differentiations to be made between these groups. To do differentiations it is necessary to see terrorist act s purpose. In this definition so, the targeting of civilians is non a necessary and sufficient status for placing terrorist act ( Garrison, 2004 ) . An alternate point of view focal points on the agencies of terrorist activity to specify terrorist act ( Cooper, 2001 ) . Ganor ( 2002 ) points out that a terrorist and a freedom combatant may hold the same ends, but they are pursued in different manners. Here, so, aiming civilians becomes the cardinal point of definition. Concentrating on the act itself makes a bunk of the word picture made between national release and terrorist act in its ultimate purposes. Alternatively Ganor ( 2002 ) negotiations of the different types of unconventional warfare usually carried out between a province and an administration of some signifier. When an administration contending against the province onslaughts military marks, that is guerrilla warfare, when the administration attacks non-military marks, that is terrorist act. This means that freedom combatants, revolutionists and nihilists could be either terrorists or legitimate battlers involved in guerilla warfare. To what extent are these definitions dichotomous? Clearly they are non one stresses political terminals, and the other stresses the agencies. Each efforts to except the other s definition to a certain extent, while admiting its legitimacy to some extent. Legal systems around the universe, nevertheless, do non hold the luxury of this elusiveness. This means that some states use political or spiritual terminals in specifying terrorist act and some focal point on the Acts of the Apostless carried out ( Ramraj, Hor A ; Roach, 2005 ) . The troubles in specifying terrorist act can be made even clearer when sing how definitions are frequently either over- or under-inclusive ( Shanahan, 2005 ) . Is a terrorist ever a radical? Shanahan ( 2005 ) points out they many authoritiess may perpetrate terrorist Acts of the Apostless to stay in power. Terrorists frequently attack both military and non-military marks, thereby doing loss of life and hurt to both civilian and non-civilian marks. Shanahan ( 2005 ) even argues that onslaughts on military forces can be Acts of the Apostless of terrorist act. Further, definitions of terrorist act in footings of menaces to life and limb do non include harm to belongings. Even more bewilderingly, it is non ever possible to separate between alleged combatants and non-combatants . In decision, specifying terrorist act is so hard, one author who has been analyzing it for many old ages has resorted to explicating that we know terrorist act when we see it ( Cooper, 2001 ) . While this may be true, from an international legal position this subjective definition is non sufficient. In world, different groups cleaving to definitions of terrorist act that suit their political intents. Academicians have tried to umpire this definitional brawl, with some limited success. Some strong definitions of terrorist act have been distilled, but the existent litmus trial is whether these can be universally adopted. Sing the utmost troubles in definition illustrated by the easiness of over-inclusive or under-inclusive classs, cosmopolitan acceptance of a definition of terrorist act seems improbable. 2.Northern Ireland foremost came into being as a consequence of guerilla warfare by the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) in the 1920s. The IRA was contending against Britain to make a province independent of the UK. In 1921 the Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed which partitioned Ireland into a southern independent democracy and Northern Ireland, each with their ain authoritiess. Publicly, the UK authorities saw the divider as an ineluctable move designed to avoid a civil war. The IRA continued their run to seek to throw out the British authorities from Northern Ireland. But, this had small consequence and until 1968 the UK authorities did non interfere with the Northern Irish authorities ( White A ; White, 1995 ) . While the IRA continued to run between 1920 and the mid-1960s, they were made illegal in the 1930s and merely carried out sporadic runs over that clip ( Thane, 2001 ) . It was nt until the late sixtiess that the IRA all of a sudden rose to unprecedented prominence. In the 1960s a mostly peaceable motion for civil rights began to develop ( White A ; White, 1995 ) . Analogues have been drawn between this rise of feeling and the civil rights motion in the US ( McGarry, 2001 ) . The Irish run originally centred on deriving rights for Catholics life in Northern Ireland. Through the 1960s tensenesss rose as the runs met opposition from the Royal Ulster Constabulary and Protestant demonstrators. Finally the British ground forces was mobilised in 1969 to assist squelch public perturbations. Over the following few old ages force exploded and the Irish authorities failed to maintain it under control. An of import factor in the rise of the IRA was a split that occurred in 1970 in the IRA from which the Provisional IRA emerged as the more violent and hawkish wing. One of the Irish authorities s last actions was to present internment in August 1971, an act designed to incarcerate those thought to be members of the IRA. The IRA, nevertheless, maintained that in this monolithic operation to collar 342 people, merely 30 were existent IRA members ( Mulholland, 2003 ) . The event to force the state of affairs over the border was Bloody Sunday 1972 when the British ground forces shooting dead 14 unarmed demonstrators. Mulholland ( 2003 ) argues that this lead to the prostration of resistance to political force. Soon afterwards the UK authorities efficaciously reimposed direct regulation and the Irish Parliament was dissolved. After this, the IRA saw a monolithic rise in its rank, particularly from within the Official IRA, and units in Northern Ireland ( Smith, 1995 ) . The ground for the rise in the IRA s power has been examined in several different ways. Many have focussed on the sudden public groundswell of sentiment that force was non merely justified, but required. White ( 1989 ) has suggested the causes of the societal revolution which the IRA made manifest prevarication in the mobilization position. The traditional position is that economic inequalities result in rebellion, but the mobilization position puts greater accent on the costs and benefits of action, reasoning that people s grudges remain comparatively stable. Turning to Ireland in the 1970s, several factors are seen to be of import in the changing manner people view guerilla warfare. White ( 1989 ) argues that it is province repression which can be seen with the British ground forces and internment that makes people place an unfairness. Second, people believe that others feel the same manner and, eventually, they decide that force is possible and it will be effectual. White ( 1989 ) finds support for this thesis in his interviews with political militant, indexing of bombardments and shots carried out in Derry every bit good as steps of economic want. Further grounds for this thesis, specifically concentrating on province repression was found in a survey carried out by White and White ( 1995 ) . They found two dimensions of province repression. The first is official repression, an illustration of which is the internment. The 2nd is informal province repression, as carried out by the British ground forces. This theory goes portion manner to explicating the rapid rise of the IRA, but the point has been made by Bell ( 1973 ) that the state of affairs had been ripe for a revolution in Ireland for 50 old ages, so why did it non get down until 1969? Many causes were involved: foremost, the civil rights run lowered people s tolerance of subjugation. Second, the British ground forces, through their actions, lost regard in Catholic eyes. Third, the security forces did non look able to maintain control. Fourth, there seemed to be an advantage at that place, if merely person could take it. For Catholics, while Stormont was non legitimate, it had at least been able to exert authorization in the yesteryear. This was no longer the instance. For all these chief grounds, people began to take their support for the British ground forces and travel it over to the IRA ( Bell, 1973 ) . In decision, there were a figure of different factors that affected the rise of the IRA between 1969 and 1974. There was a reduced belief by members of the Irish community that the official governments could maintain control of a state of affairs gyrating into force. This was combined with a turning belief the costs of an rebellion were outweighed by the likely benefits. Increasing degrees of force were spurred by lifting degrees of repression directed against the people by the authorities. A mobilization position leads to the thought that these influences, along with others, turned public sentiment in favor of the IRA. This displacement in sentiment led to a big addition in IRA rank, which allowed it to well increase its operations to the extent that, by 1974, it had become one of the strongest terrorist groups in Western Europe. Mentions Bell, J. ( 1973 ) . The Escalation of Insurgency: The Provisional Irish Republican Army s Experience, 1969-1971.The Review of Politics, 35( 3 ) , 398-411. Cooper, H. ( 2001 ) . Terrorism: The Problem of Definition Revisited.American Behavioral Scientist, 44( 6 ) , 881-893. Ganor, B. ( 2002 ) . Specifying Terrorism: Is One Man s Terrorist another Man s Freedom Fighter?Police Practice and Research, 3( 4 ) , 287-304. Garrison, A. ( 2004 ) . Specifying terrorist act: doctrine of the bomb, propaganda by title and alteration through fright and force. Criminal Justice Studies: A Critical Journal of Crime, Law and Society, 17( 3 ) , 259-279. Laqueur, W. ( 1987 ) .The Age of Terrorism. Toronto: Small, Brown and Company. McGarry, J. ( 2001 ) .The Northern Ireland and the Divided Universe: Post-agreement Northern Ireland in Comparative Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mulholland, M. ( 2003 )Northern Ireland: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ramraj, V. , Hor, M. , A ; Roach, K. ( 2005 ) . Introduction. In: V. Ramraj, M. Hor, A ; K. Roach ( Eds. ) .Global anti-terrorism jurisprudence and policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ruby, C. ( 2002 ) . The Definition of Terrorism.Analysiss of Social Issues and Public Policy, 2( 1 ) , 9-14. Schmidt, A. P. , A ; Jongman, A. I. ( 1988 ) .Political Terrorism: A New Guide to Actors, Writers, Concepts, Data Bases, Theories, and Literature. North-Holland: Transaction Books. Shanahan, T. ( 2005 ) .Doctrine 9/11: Thinking about the War on Terrorism. Chicago, IL: Open Court. Smith, M. L. R. ( 1995 ) .Contending for Ireland? The military scheme of the Irish Republican Movement. Oxford: Routledge. Taylor, M. ( 1988 ) .The Terrorist. London: Brassey s Defence Publishers. Thane, P. ( 2001 )Cassell Dictionary of Twentieth Century Britain. London: Cassell Reference. White, R. ( 1989 ) . From Peaceful Protest to Guerrilla War: Micromobilization of the Provisional Irish Republican Army.The American Journal of Sociology, 94( 6 ) , 1277-1302. White, R. , A ; White, T. ( 1995 ) . Repression and the Broad State: The Case of Northern Ireland, 1969-1972.The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 39( 2 ) , 330-352.

The Easy Trick to Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

The Easy Trick to Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In every science class, you must know how to use and interpret the Celsius temperature scale. But this can be difficult for students who are used to using Fahrenheit instead. How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit? What about Fahrenheit to Celsius? We answer these questions below, giving you the mathematical formulas for converting between these two temperature units, a handy conversion chart, and a quick conversion trick you can use without having to grab a calculator. Celsius vs Fahrenheit: Key Differences Before we explain how to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit (and Fahrenheit to Celsius), let’s review the main differences between the two temperature scales. Celsius (written as  °C and also called Centigrade) is the most common temperature scale in the world, used by all but five countries. It’s part of the International System of Units (SI), or what you might know as the metric system, which is typically used in science classes (think centimeters, meters, kilograms, milliliters, etc.) and in science as a whole. By contrast, Fahrenheit (written as  °F) is only used officially by five countries in the world: United States Belize Cayman Islands Palau Bahamas Fahrenheit is not part of the metric system; rather, it’s part of the Imperial system, which includes forms of measurements such as inches, feet, pounds, gallons, etc. Moreover, unlike Celsius, it is not typically used in science. Celsius to Fahrenheit Formula Unfortunately, converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit isn’t easy to do quickly or in your head. Here are the formulas used to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit and Fahrenheit to Celsius. These formulas will give you the exact conversion from one unit of temperature to the other: Celsius to Fahrenheit Formula: ( °C * 1.8) + 32 =  °F Fahrenheit to Celsius Formula: ( °F - 32) / 1.8 =  °C For example, say the temperature outside is 18  °C and you want to know what this would equal in Fahrenheit. Here’s how your equation would look once you plug in 18 for  °C: (18 * 1.8) + 32(32.4) + 32=64.4  °F Here’s another example if you want to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: say you’re feeling ill and your body temperature is 101.3  °F. To find out what this equals in Celsius, simply plug 101.3 into the  °F part in the second equation written above: (101.3 - 32) / 1.8 (69.3) / 1.8=38.5  °C As you can see, these conversions aren’t particularly hard to carry out, but they do take some time and aren’t the easiest to do without a calculator on hand. Luckily, there’s a shortcut. By memorizing some of the most common temperatures that come up in daily life, you should have no problem being able to convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit and vice versa. We’ll take a look at how to do this next. It's gettin' hot in here. Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion Chart Below is a conversion chart listing some of the most commonly used temperatures in everyday life when converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit. Memorize these and you’re sure to have an easier time converting from Celsius to Fahrenheit (and vice versa) fast. Note: I’ve bolded all temperatures that don’t apply to weather but are still important to know, especially for science class. Temperature in Celsius ( °C) Temperature in Fahrenheit ( °F) Boiling Point of Water 100 212 Extremely Hot Day 40 104 Body Temperature 37 98.6 Hot Day 30 86 Room Temperature 20 68 Chilly Day 10 50 Freezing Point of Water 0 32 Very Cold Day -10 14 Extremely Cold Day -20 -4 Parity* -40 -40 Source: NIST.gov *The point at which the two temperature units are equivalent (-40  °C = -40  °F). As you can see from this chart, Fahrenheit temperatures are typically a lot higher than their equivalent Celsius temperatures are. Also, notice how the difference between Celsius and Fahrenheit starts to get smaller the lower you go in temperature- until, that is, they're the exact same! As the chart indicates, -40  °C is the same temperature as -40  °F. This point is called parity, meaning the two scales use the same value to represent the same temperature. Unfortunately (or fortunately, since this is pretty cold!), you likely won’t come across this temperature in your daily life. Note that parity only happens at -40 °. The lower you go after parity (i.e., the further you go into the negatives), the bigger the difference starts to become again between Celsius and Fahrenheit. How to Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit: Quick Trick If you find yourself needing to quickly convert Celsius to Fahrenheit, here is a simple trick you can use: multiply the temperature in degrees Celsius by 2, and then add 30 to get the (estimated) temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. This rule of thumb is really useful and also pretty accurate for most weather-related temperatures. For example, if the temperature outside is 15  °C, this would come out to around 60  °F: (15 * 2) + 30(30) + 30= 60  °F (In reality, 15  °C is equivalent to 59  °F- that’s pretty close!) Of course, expect the actual temperature to be a few degrees off, but for the most part, this is a reliable and easy way to convert temperatures in your head fast. If you want to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, do the opposite: subtract 30 from the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, and then divide by 2 to get the temperature in degrees Celsius. For example, if the temperature outside is 84  °F, this would be roughly equal to 27  °C: (84 - 30) / 254 / 2= 27  °C (In reality, 84  °F is equivalent to 28.89  °C- again, that’s a pretty close estimate!). What’s Next? Are you studying clouds in your science class? Get help identifying the different types of clouds with our expert guide. Now that you know how to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit, the next question to answer is what kinds of spiders live in what sorts of climates? Learn more with our articles about camel spider myths and reasons not to fear the garden spider. Want even more practice with conversions? (Who wouldn't?) Learn how many cups 4 quarts is here. Working on a research paper but aren't sure where to start? Then check out our guide, where we've collected tons of high-quality research topics you can use for free. Need help with English class- specifically with identifying literary devices in texts you read? Then you'll definitely want to take a look at our comprehensive explanation of the most important literary devices and how they're used. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Paradoxically, although modernity appeared to be a threat to Essay - 2

Paradoxically, although modernity appeared to be a threat to Christianity, it had been nurtured, in significant part, by Christianity itself - Essay Example Presumably, the threat to Christianity was associated to secular world view supported by modernity. Research shows that modernity is dominated by secular world view. The enlightenment era and the birth of modern science affected the reality of Christianity. The modernity concept suggests that is the physical world, made of energy and matter. The modern world view argues that the world is a closed system of cause and effect. It also perceives the real world to have space and time. The breathtaking achievements of science caused the western world to be impressed by the idea of modernity, science and technology. Reality has been reduced to space and time. This has made the concept of Christianity and faith doubtful has hard to grasp . Modernity has caused facts to replace the truth. This means that any proclamation of faith must be verifiable through facts or historical evidence. However, the premise of the faith in Jesus tends to suggests realities that are beyond scientific confines o f verification. A telling example is the case of mystical experiences, prayers, healing, visions and dreams. The Christian faith is inclusive and universal in terms of the requirements of becoming a faithful . The promise of faith is the same despite the background or culture setup of the believer. Studies show that qualitative change or evolution is a characteristic of modern religion. This means that development of modern religion has come through evolutionary stages just like science. Given that religion preceded science, it is evident that Christianity nurtured modernity to a significant extent3. The theories of cultural evolution and religion show that religious change does not necessarily indicate a decline of religious influence. Rather, it is a central aspect of Christian religion. History shows that Christianity evolution was not exclusive to culture. Christianity emphasizes the difference between the natural world and the supernatural world. This does not necessarily refut e the scientific gains in the natural world. Rather, Christianity insists of a truth greater than the sensual approach. The nature of science is also evolutionary. This means that science has got a striking similarity with Christianity when it comes to changes and developmental advancement. However, the fundamentals of Christianity do not change. The teachings of the Lord Jesus Christ are the inspiration behind the conduct and morals of every believer4. Science tends to be solution oriented. Most scientific solutions meet have no supernatural bearing. To a certain extent, religious symbols do not necessarily contradict secular world achievements. However, Christianity represents a deeper supernatural understanding of life. The concept of evolution, flexibility and change that is espoused by the scientific world is likely to have been heavily borrowed from Christianity5. The modern day ways of thinking and sensing may not be absolute. The overdependence of common realities that can b e relied upon by the senses is not entirely representative. This means that the common realities can be represented by science effectively. However, the higher common objects like wisdom and truth cannot be fully addressed by modernity and may be prove that God exists. According to the concept of notion of will, sight affects our understanding and perception of desire. This means that Christianity has the capability to nurture changes and perceptions. The notion suggests that the doctrine of will indicates the ability of human being to choose. This

Mediation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Mediation - Essay Example The mediator listens to the different versions of all the parties and calms or reassures them accordingly. The mediator should have active listening skills for this stage to be successful. During this stage, the mediator clarifies statements and questions so that the parties involved understand each other. He or she may also paraphrase the stories given by the parties. The third stage is the agenda setting stage. In this stage, the mediator outlines the issues that require a solution. He or she sets the agenda for the process by summarizing the disagreements or agreements between the parties. The purpose of mediation is to resolve these disagreements in an unbiased way (Drews 44). The fourth stage is the generation of alternatives stage. The mediator employs his or her skills to generate a series of possible options for the parties (Drews 44). He or she may also guide the parties in generating alternatives. In the fifth stage, the mediator asks the parties to choose among the generated alternatives. He or she guides the parties in selecting alternatives that are satisfactory and feasible to them all. The sixth stage is ending stage. In this stage, the mediator writes the agreement as agreed by all parties. A mediation process normally involves three people. The first person is the mediator. The second and third persons are the two warring parties. However, the process may also have â€Å"support people† who assist in signing the agreements. Concluding a mediation process is the last stage of a mediation process. In case a solution is reached, the mediator concludes the process by writing an agreement that is signed by all the parties. However, if the process is not fruitful to come up with a solution, the mediator summarizes the issues raised and thanks the parties for their contributions and making progress. He then ends the session. The first advantage of

Collision Course †NEOs Essay Example for Free

Collision Course – NEOs Essay When looking at the Earth in the Solar System, there are many fascinating objects, and also many dangerous ones. NEOs, or Near Earth Objects are constantly being studied to determine the actual possibility of collision with the Earth. Most NEOs consist of meteors, meteorites, comets and asteroids. Though most of the objects are too small to cause any sort of substantial damage, there are a few that are capable of causing the next major extinction. In order for an object to be considered a NEO, it must be within 1. 3 AUs (or astronomical units) from the Sun. 1.3 AU is the same as about 93 million miles. The NEOs are objects that have been bumped by the gravity of other planets which let them get close to the Earths orbit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the major groups of NEOs are meteoroids. The term meteor is actually used to describe the streak of visible light after its trip through the Earths orbit. One of the most famous craters, which   is like a giant scar caused by a NEO hitting the Earth, is in Arizona. Meteor Crater, or Barringer Meteorite Crater as it is also known as, is a jarring reminder of what kind of damage a NEO can do upon impact. Most meteors are small enough that once they are pulled in by the Earths orbit and hit the atmosphere, they burn up and disintegrate before they ever get the chance to actually hit the Earths surface.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another group of NEOs are asteroids. One of the largest asteroids that astronomers keep their eyes on is Apophis. This giant is due to hit the Earth in 2036. The size of Apophis is estimated to be a bit larger then the Rose Bowl, and if it were to hit the Earth would cause global damage. If it hits the ocean, the damage occurring from the huge tsunamis by themselves would be catastrophic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another class of objects that are visible to the naked eye are comets. When speaking of them as NEOs, then they are considered to be old comet nuclei whose perihelia are less then 1.3 AU from the Sun. One comet in particular that has been known through history is Halleys Comet. Also, the trail of cosmic dust, or tail of the comet can also be passed through by the Earth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, NASA is taking steps to try and diminish the risk of being hit by a NEO by continually watching and cataloging the orbits and behaviors of NEOs. What remedies that have been looked at so far to try and deal with the risk of being hit is to explode nuclear weapons near the object to try and change its course. Other considerations that have been looked at is sending high-speed ballistic missiles towards the object to make an impact, or to send a hovering spacecraft to pull the object into a different orbit, thereby allowing it to miss the Earth altogether. The future for watching NEOs is strongly backed now more then ever before. Washington has allowed a $4 million dollar budget for listing potential and real threats to the Earth, and sent a new report to congress in March 2007. Considering the probability that the Earth will be hit again, as it has been hit in the past requires that the scientific community take heed of the risk, and not only be able to prepare the world for such a catastrophe, but be able to prevent it as well. References http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/neo/index.cfm http://www.nasa.gov/centers/hq/home/index.html http://newton.dm.unipi.it/cgi-bin/neodys/neoibo?info:0;faq#nea

Adopt a Child :: Essays research papers, Adoption

Adopt-A-Child, Inc., is a licensed, non-profit adoption agency dedicated to the ideal of bringing together couples or individuals seeking to build their families with foreign-born infants or children who need homes. The children we identify for adoption have been irrevocably released by their parents or other relatives due to death or abandonment. These youngsters are orphans according to U.S. and international legal definitions. Therefore, in accordance with the laws of both countries concerned, they are fully available for adoption. Our staff of trained social workers have completed numerous adoptions with couples and individuals throughout the United States and with U.S. citizens abroad. We support and educate our clients, empowering them to make the best decision for their particular situations. Our focus throughout the process is on social service, to ensure the best possible adjustment of children and parents to their new families. Adopt-A-Child has developed a strong network of relationships with adoption officials in many foreign countries, gaining a reputation for unquestionable reliability and integrity. In each of these countries we have developed a trained, experienced and well-supervised staff with whom we communicate closely, and are able to direct via phone, fax, and e-mail. We also make regular visits to the countries from which we adopt in order to monitor operations, visit orphanages and to meet with adoption officials. We are a full-service agency providing not only adoption assistance but also pre- and post-adoption support counseling. Among our services, we maintain a very active parents network to provide a forum for education, socialization, recreation and mutual support.

“Island Man” and “The Fringe Of The Sea” Essay

I recently read two poems entitled â€Å"Island Man† and â€Å"The Fringe Of The Sea†. They are both similar in theme, but they also have many differences. Both poems are based on the emotions of people who live near the sea and their feelings towards it. This theme relates to both of the authors, and connects them; the author of â€Å"The Fringe Of The Sea†, A.L. Hendricks, was born in Jamaica and later in life moved to Britain. Grace Nichols, author of â€Å"Island Man†, was born in Ghana and then also immigrated to the UK. Grace Nichols’ poem â€Å"Island Man† is about a Caribbean man who lives in London, but still longs for his home and the sea. The poem follows the man as he wakes in the morning to the memories of his home in the Caribbean and the sound of the sea in his head. I believe that the main theme of the poem is that home is important and it will always be with you no matter what. There is also a strong theme of reluctance coming from â€Å"Island Man† to move on with his life and leave his past behind. His unwillingness to get up in the morning can also be viewed as a strong metaphor of his reluctance to leave his past behind. An interesting concept played on in the poem is that it takes place when â€Å"Island Man† wakes up – leaving him in the state of being half asleep and half awake. This gives the author the ability to let you guess which parts of the poem are the reality, dreams and memories of his life – using this the author can entangle them together. A good example of this is the line â€Å"his crumpled pillow waves† – it shows the reality (his crumpled pillow) and as he is half awake and half asleep his dreams and memories view the crumples in the pillow as â€Å"waves†. The theme of identity is also strong in the poem. â€Å"Island Man† is never given a name so that he can also be seen as a symbol of the people who have moved from their home countries and felt like they have lost part of themselves; their identity. Therefore â€Å"Island Man† can be seen as a representative of  these people, and so I believe that they will relate with the character – this also fits in to the background of the author, Grace Nichols, so it is possible she did this so that she relates to the character. The Island in â€Å"Island Man† could also be a way of showing his emotions, e.g. he is an isolated or lonely man trapped on an emotional island. The poem is also written in free verse, with no sentence structure or full stops. This suggests the idea of no restrictions and freedom, just like the Caribbean is for Island Man, compared to his London life. Just before the poem starts there is information in parenthesis, this helps set the scene by giving a little information telling you what the poem is about. As soon as you begin reading the poem it is obvious that the poem is written in a first person narrative rather than a third person narrative. I believe the reason for this would be because with a third person narrative it is distanced from the character, whilst with a first person one you can sympathize with the character and you could also identify with them. The first line â€Å"Morning† has more than just the surface meaning here, it also seems to be a pun on the word â€Å"Mourning† to suggest sadness in Island Man. More evidence for this is that the word is on its own in the line, this could be meaning loneliness, which is generally related to sadness. The word could also be viewed as a way of showing a new start, as mornings are a new start for every day, it could also be a metaphor for a new beginning in Island Man’s life. This new start would be Island Man leaving home and starting his new life in London. The next line â€Å"and Island Man wakes up† shows that the character of Island Man has no name as he is referred to without a using a name. This suggests that he may feel like he has no identity after leaving a large part of his life behind in the Caribbean. Line three and four are a change from the previous two as we begin to see a strong rhythm forming. The line is as follows – â€Å"to the sound of blue surf / in his head in is head† although these are two separate lines (separated  here with a slash) they are related poetically. These lines use enjambment for the effect of the lines flowing into each other to make it seems like the sea. The first half flows smoothly, as does the second half, except for the final word. The letter â€Å"S† is used in both halves to bring them together – to remind the readers of Islands Man closeness to the sea. The letter â€Å"H† (â€Å"head†) is a break from the â€Å"S’s† and therefore the rhythm is lost. The third line (â€Å"to the sound of blue surf†) has alliteration of the letter â€Å"S†. The sound of this letter is very much like that of the waves to remind the reader of the sea. To insure that this comes across to the readers there is emphasis on these letters. There is also an emphasis on the word â€Å"head† here to make the readers realize that it is only in Island Man’s head, as he also realizes the truth. The fourth line uses two verbs, which have internal rhyme to make the line flow  easier (breaking and wombing). The first verb â€Å"breaking† suggests the repetitive and steady breaking of the waves on the Caribbean sands. More evidence of this meaning the waves is the fact that the line says â€Å"the steady breaking and wombing† which clearly illustrates the waves motion. The second verb â€Å"wombing† is derived from the word â€Å"womb†; therefore this connotes warmth, maternal love and family. Island Man would connect all of these with his home, and he would connect the first one in an emotional and physical sense. In this line the adverb â€Å"steady† is used to describe the verbs. Whilst other words could have been used to this effect I believe â€Å"steady† was chosen because the first letter is an â€Å"S†, which continues the alliteration from the previous lines – and reinforces the rhythm The first line of the next stanza â€Å"wild seabirds† may not seem to hold much information but it seems to be comparing London and the Caribbean by using the adjective â€Å"wild† which is a contrast to the Pigeons usually found in London. The second line of the second stanza is as follows – â€Å"and fishermen pushing out to sea†. Here we have alliteration of the letters â€Å"SH† in â€Å"fishermen†Ã‚  and â€Å"pushing† it is also mildly repeated in the word â€Å"sea† at the end of the sentence by using the letter â€Å"S†. Again, this suggests the sound of the sea There is a continuing of the alliteration of the letter â€Å"S† through onto the last line of this stanza with the words â€Å"sun surfacing†. The adverb used to illustrate the sun is an interesting one (â€Å"the sun surfacing defiantly†), it seems to suggest that Island Man does not want the sun to rise over his island home, as it is defying him. This is another way of showing Island Man’s reluctance to leave his past life behind, as he doesn’t want life to go on without him. This could also mean that the sun surfaces in London when he doesn’t want it to, as it awakes him from his dreams of his past life. There is also a rhyme at the end of this line with the end of the previous line – it is â€Å"sea† and â€Å"defiantly†. Rhyme creates harmony and a relaxed atmosphere; this reflects Island Man’s thoughts about the island. The next stanza has a situation where his memories, dreams and reality becomes entwined. There are a number of different possibilities for this stanza, and I believe the author did not make any of these possibilities singularly correct, but rather wanted the reader to guess. On its own the stanza reads as â€Å"from the east / of his small emerald island / he always comes back†. The obvious meaning of this is that in London (â€Å"the east†) he awakes from the dreams (â€Å"he always comes back†). This possibility is based on the reality, whilst if you pair it up with the last line of the previous stanza (â€Å"the sun surfacing defiantly†) it gives it a new meaning based more on his memories and dreams and then back to reality – â€Å"the sun surfacing defiantly / from the east / of his small emerald island / he always comes back†. This possibility tells of the sun surfacing to the east of the island, which are his memories and/or his dreams. The island is cleverly described as a small emerald in the second line of this stanza, this not only relates to its colour, a lush tropical green, but also its value. An emerald, although small is very valuable and precious, as the island is to Island Man. Before the writing continues there is a large gap, which I beielve illustrates the reluctance of Island Man in leaving his past behind, it also  shows that change will take time as the lines read as â€Å"he always comes back / groggily groggily†. The word â€Å"groggily† connotes a slow, sleepy movement, this is Island Man getting out of bed, which is a metaphor for his reluctance to leave his past behind. So as it takes time to get out of bed it takes time get on with his London life. Next the poem goes on to what Island Man comes back to – â€Å"Comes back to sands / of a grey metallic soar†. The first line is about Island Man coming back to a place of a â€Å"grey metallic soar† which is obviously London. Although there are only three words in the line they all connote a strong image of London. They seem to suggest a soaring of traffic (â€Å"soar†), a bleak landscape of buildings and a concrete jungle (â€Å"grey†) and more cars (â€Å"metallic†). It may seem that these are a strong contrast to the Caribbean, but they all have their similarities and connections, which Island Man can see, which maybe explains why he refers to it as â€Å"sands†. These similarities are sea birds rather than traffic (â€Å"soar†), jungles and trees rather than buildings (â€Å"grey†/green) and wood boats and houses rather than cars (â€Å"metallic†/wooden). The next line has the same gap that exists before the repetition of â€Å"groggily† earlier on in the poem. However this gap is more to do with acceptance rather than reluctance as Island Man realises he must face the reality. This makes sense as the line is † to the surge of wheels†. The word surge here is used as a contrast between the surge of wheels and the surge of the tropical waves, the shape of a wheel is also similar to that of a curling wave, and the repeating of the waves is similar to the turning of wheels. The line following this is â€Å"to a dull North Circular roar†. The North Circular is a road in London in the shape of circle, this is a contrast to the Island home of Island Man and the roar is a contrast of the traffic and the sea. Dull is also used to compare; as the Island Man views the Caribbean as being anything but dull, whilst he views London life as being dreary. The words â€Å"roar† and â€Å"soar† rhyme but in a different way to the previous rhyme, which seemed very smooth and seemed to flow easily, whilst this rhyme is  much more coarse. This is again a metaphor for how Island Man viewed the contrast between his Caribbean life and his London life. The final stanza of the poem begins with the repetition of the word â€Å"muffling†. This suggests that Island Man is covering his head with his pillows to drown out the sound of the traffic, as he wants to keep the sound of the waves in his head. Island Man tries to hide the fact that he is no longer at home from himself in order to feel some comfort. There is more evidence for this on the next line as he seeks comfort by pretending the crumples on his pillow are the waves of the sea. This is followed by the line â€Å"and island man heaves himself†. This is Island Man finally getting out of his bed to face the realities of his London life, and the verb â€Å"heaved† seems to refer back to the fishermen earlier. It is also a word, which connotes intense effort and energy, which again refers back to the reluctance of Island Man. The poem is finished with a single line on it’s own, this line is â€Å"Another London day† which tells the reader that Island Man now must accept his reality in London, although unwillingly. I personally enjoyed reading Island Man as it is very well written and the author has been very clever in disguising her message in a subtle way but still delivering the message is a powerful one. The poem also suggests the characters emotions in a realistic way using a large array of poetic devices, for instance I have never felt homesick, but thanks to the author I could sympathize for Island Man. Island Man is also a poem with many different layers to it – the poem can be viewed from many different angles to give a slightly differing meaning to it each time it is read – I personally enjoy poems like this as they tend to get better the more you read them as you reveal their different layers of meaning. A similar poem to â€Å"Island Man† is â€Å"The Fringe of The Sea†. This poem has many similarities, but also many differences to the previous poem. This poem is about a community of Island people and their feelings rather than about a  single man as in Island Man. Although Island Man himself was a representative of these people The Fringe Of The Sea is less personal than Island Man making it hard to connect with and feel for the characters. The main reason for this is that whilst Island Man deals with one person, The Fringe Of The Sea is written in first person plural (â€Å"We† and â€Å"Us† rather than â€Å"I†). This obviously distances you from the people, as you cannot get singular thoughts of a person. However it shows that these people all have the same/similar opinions, which shows that these people co-work, co-operate and live together in harmony. The main theme of this poem is co-working – it shows that all people who live upon small islands live in harmony with each other and nature and grow a mutual respect for both of them. Unlike the previous poem there are not many themes and many different ways to look at the poem, it has instead one strong view of the poem, which is enforced throughout. This poem is written in free verse, although mostly in stanzas of three or four lines – most lines are of a similar length, although a few aren’t. This is very different to the form and structure of Island Man, which has variable stanza and line lengths and with some lines with a large space before them and protruding out to the side of the poem. Similarly to Island Man however there is a shortage of capital letters – in both poems they are only used for pronouns or nouns (â€Å"North Circular† and â€Å"We†). The first stanza of the poem begins with the pronoun â€Å"We† showing that it is in first person plural narrative, which differs from Island Man’s third person narrative. There is also a repetition of â€Å"We† to emphasize the point and to emphasize its meaning. In the first stanza, there are a few similarities to the poem Island Man, here is the first stanza – â€Å"We do not like to awaken / far from the fringe of the sea / we who live upon small islands†. It is apparent immediately that once again the poem is about people who live upon a small island, although there is no information about its location – as there was in Island Man (in a parenthesis at the start of the poem). Another similarity is that the word â€Å"awaken† is used in this poem, and waking up is used as a strong metaphor and theme of Island Man,  these people obviously feel the same way as Island Man does about the sea – neither want to â€Å"awaken far from the fringe of the sea†. The second line of this stanza uses alliteration of the letter â€Å"F† (â€Å"far from the fringe of the sea†). This creates a soothing sound similar to the sea waves, as it is a soft sounding letter to pronounce. Enjambment is also used to recreate the flowing of the sea waves with the lines continuing into each other. Rhythm is used here to create a sense of harmony and peace – it is used in Island Man to the same effect. Both of these poetic forms were also used to a similar effect in Island Man – alliteration was used with the repetition of the letter â€Å"S† or sometimes â€Å"SH† to reproduce the sound of the sea. Enjambment is also used in the same way in Island Man. The metaphor â€Å"the fringe of the sea† is very effective as it gives you the image of the white surf on the waves, which is similar in shape to a fringe. In the final line of this stanza (â€Å"we who live upon small islands†) the geographical difference is noted by using the adjective â€Å"small† – this compares it with larger islands such as Britain, and therefo re London, so this is similarity to Island Man as well. The second stanza refers back to the idea of waking up with the lines â€Å"We like to rise up early /quick in the agile mornings† – this shows the opposite of Island Man’s attitude in the first poem; whilst Island Man was reluctant and unwilling these lines connote eagerness and energy. However this is almost certainly how Island Man must have felt on his island, as he has different feelings away from it, so they do resemble each other in that sense – showing both sides of waking up at home and away. Using the adjective â€Å"quick† to describe them rising in the mornings is another way of showing energy, which is a contrast to the lack of energy in Island Man. The adjective â€Å"agile† is used to the same effect to describe the morning upon the island. The next lines of the stanza reinforce the idea of being close to nature and the sea († and walk out only small distances / to look down on the water†). One apparent difference here is that in â€Å"Island Man† every line had a meaning and held lots of information, but in â€Å"The Fringe Of The Sea†, most lines are supportive of the previous and next lines. The present participle of â€Å"swaying† is used in the next stanza to show  ongoing activity and motion, these were also used in Island Man when he remembering his home (â€Å"fishermen pushing†). Next there is a list of what the sea offers to the people – â€Å"with songs, and tides, and endless boatways, and undulate patterns and moods†. This is not totally different from Island Man; there is a short list of what Island Man remembers from his island in the second stanza of the poem (â€Å"wild seabirds / and fishermen pushing out to sea / the sun surfacing defiantly†). The term â€Å"endless boatways† is an effective one, which connotes that the islanders use the sea in the same way we use roads. This is a contrast to modern/western life – which occur frequently in Island Man. Using the modifier â€Å"undulate† to describe the patterns of the waves portrays a strong image of their smooth continuous motion. There is no use of personification in the poem Island Man, but there is some use of it in The Fringe Of The Sea – the sea’s â€Å"moods† are referred to. Personifying the sea here connotes that they actually see the sea as a person, a part of the community, co-working with the islanders (providing food). The fourth stanza is as follows – â€Å"We want to be able to saunter beside it / slowpaced in burning sunlight / barearmed, barefoot, bareheaded,†). It begins once again by saying what they want to be able to do by the sea, which is to â€Å"saunter† – this is very different to the cars on the North Circular in Island Man. The word â€Å"slowpaced† also works to the same effect. Using alliteration of the letter â€Å"B† creates a relaxed atmosphere, to mimic the atmosphere of island life. Alliteration is used in Island Man to create the same effect. The first line of the next stanza reinforces the theme of being at one with nature – â€Å"and to stoop down to the shallows†. The rest of the stanza – â€Å"sifting the random water / between assaying fingers / like farmers do with soil,† uses a simile to compare island life with western life. It contrasts farmers with the island fishermen (fishermen are also noted in Island Man). This suggests that the island people view the sea as being their crop fields and soil as they depend on it just as much as farmers depend on their land for food. Both peoples (farmers and islanders), although they mostly live in different cultures, harvest in the same way – a strong similarity by use of a simile is not used in Island Man. Rather than powerful similes it gives  its message through many subtle metaphors. Respect it also suggested by this simile as they co-work together, which is a strong theme in the second poem. There is good use of the verb â€Å"assay ing† which contrasts farmers testing the land and the islanders testing the water to asses the quality. Here is the next stanza – â€Å"and to think of turquoise mackerel / turning with consummate grace, / sleek and decorous / and elegant in high chambers†. The readers are told that the though of the sea and it’s harvest is enough to make them happy – this relates back to Island Man as it was only his thoughts that kept him happy. Describing the fish as â€Å"turquoise mackerel† is another effective use of adjectives as it gives a strong image of perfect, delicious looking fish. Turquoise is also a valuable stone, which connotes that the islanders see the fish as being precious to them. This is also very similar to Island Man calling his home â€Å"his small emerald island† – both use precious stones to show both colour and value of an item (â€Å"emerald island† and â€Å"turquoise fish†). The rest of the stanza is about the similarity between the fish swimming and a sophisticated ballroom dance. The next three lines of the stanza use adjectives to describe the â€Å"turquoise fish† in a similar way that ballroom dancers can be described. These adjectives are â€Å"consummate†, â€Å"sleek†, â€Å"decorous† and â€Å"elegant† – all of which can be related to both fish swimming and sophisticated dancing, this shows that the islanders view the fish as being sophisticated and civilized and maybe as equals as they need them to survive, rather than dismissing them as nothing important as most modern/western people would nowadays. The â€Å"high blue chambers† in the final line of the stanza refers to the sea, which is similar to their dancing chamber. The next stanza is a short one once again reinforcing the fact that these people always want to be at one with the sea – they see it as their streets – â€Å"We want to be able to walk out into it†, their offices and workplaces – â€Å"to work in it† and to recreate in it – â€Å"dive and swim and play in it†. Once again this is a list similar to the one earlier in the poem – there is also a short list in Island Man. The following stanza is also a list of verbs, about the things these people  want to be able to do in the sea. The first two lines are a contrast to Island Man’s London life (â€Å"to row and sail / to pilot over it’s sandless highways†). The lines are about transport – compared to the â€Å"soaring† cars on the North Circular in Island Man. The third line (â€Å"and to hear†) shows that the sound of the sea is enough to make these people happy – this fits in well with Island Man as he hears the sea in his head, this is enough to make him happy. The line is a short one, with a simple meaning on it’s own to emphasize just how important the sound really is to these people and how it alone makes a large difference. This poetic form is also used in the poem Island Man in the first line (â€Å"Morning†) to strongly emphasize a single point. The final line of the stanza – â€Å"it’s call and murmurs wherever we may be† is linked by enjambment with the previous line. This is also similar to Island Man, where there are a number of lines using enjambment for effect. The line itself seems to resemble exactly how Island Man feels, which shows that the emotions of Island Man and these people are very real, as two different authors have given them exactly the same feelings and emotions. Island Man hears the sea’s call in his head and the soothing sounds and murmurs. The rest of line also fit’s in well with Island Man, as it is about the fact that location isn’t important to these people – â€Å"wherever we may be† broadens the horizons the poem as had up until now, it has all been â€Å"Us† and â€Å"We†, but now it has changed. There is no change like this in the poem Island Man because Island Man himself is a symbol of all these people. The final stanza of the poem – (â€Å"All who have lived upon small islands / want to sleep and awaken / close to the fringe of the sea†) begins by broadening its horizons once more. It is now totally inclusive of everybody who has lived upon small islands (â€Å"All who have lived†). The poem now speaks for not only this community, but also every single community like it that exists. Rather than using a subtle metaphor for this (like Island Man does) this poem just come out and says it – and it is believable as the whole community feels the same way, so why shouldn’t every other one? It also eases you into the situation by beginning to broaden its horizons in the previous stanza – nothing like this is used in Island Man. The rest of this stanza is merely a repetiton of the first stanza to bring everything back together and to reinforce the poem’s message. This does occur close to the end of Island Man  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ it says that â€Å"island man heaves himself†, which is referring back to the fishermen previously in the poem. The definitive finalizing of the poem is also used at the end of Island Man for the same purposes as it is used here in The Fringe Of The Sea. The Fringe Of The Sea is a poem I also enjoyed reading as the author uses a number of contrasts between modern/western life and island life which really makes you think and wonder which is truly better. This poem is trying to give a simple message telling us of how content these people are with their simple lives and I believe that this point is delivered well – you can really feel the emotion of these people in the poem without using too many adjectives, or even many words as it is a simple request which is repeated throughout the poem (all that â€Å"we† want is†¦). Out of the two poems I preferred Island Man, mainly for the reason that it stays as a good poem in my mind no matter how much I read it. Whilst The Fringe Of The Sea reveals its full meaning the first time around you need to read Island Man a few times to fully understand all of its meanings – I personally like this as it the mark of a good poet and it shows that lots of thought and effort have gone into the poem. For me it is the difference in depth that make Island Man the better poem of the two.